Suchergebnisse

Relevance. With the rapid industrialization and continuous socio-economic progress of Russia, the spatial distribution of rural settlements is undergoing significant changes. The globalization of the economy, regional differences, changes in agriculture and the characteristics of villages, as well as the sustainable recovery of rural social economy are becoming important areas of research around the world. The purpose of the study is to search for opportunities for the development of rural settlements in the Tambov region based on their spatial distribution. Objectives: analysis of the density of rural settlements and population density; calculation of the average nearest neighbor ratio for each district and the Tambov region as a whole; formation of measures for the economic development of rural settlements of the Tambov region. The methodology of the study includes an analysis of the density of rural settlements and population density, determining the type of distribution of rural settlements in the Tambov region through the calculation of the average distance index to the nearest neighbor. Results. A combined grouping of village councils of the Tambov region was carried out according to the density of rural settlements and population density. The vast majority of rural councils belong to the group with an average density of settlements and a low population density (143 units), as well as to the group with two low indicators (69 units). For rural settlements of the Tambov region, the average ratio of nearest neighbors (R) was 0,733, which indicates a clustered type of distribution of settlements in the region. Conclusions. Based on the type of distribution of rural settlements in the Tambov region, the author proposed a model of a territorial production complex (TPC). The model was developed taking into account the categories of the population living in rural areas of the Tambov region. This model is based on a group of manufacturing enterprises, often farms, which are the foundation of the TPC.

Unemployment is undeniably the common enemy of Nigerian youths. This is because the limited job opportunities available for the country's large population affect the youth greatly, as they constitute the largest percentage of Nigerian population. With that in mind, every fresh graduate battles with the fear and thoughts of roaming the streets in search of a means of livelihood. Consequently, youth and graduate unemployment has been a serious problem in the Nigerian economy for a very long time; a problem which both the government and citizens of the country are constantly trying to eradicate. A specific way to solve this problem is to introduce a culture of entrepreneurship in the society. On that account, this write up will address how entrepreneurship can be encouraged by creating a professional union for credible Nigerian entrepreneurs, hence promoting its values in the country.Inarguably, many people are oblivious of the fact that being an entrepreneur is not just about starting a random business venture which one thinks will fetch money. By definition, entrepreneurship is the capacity and willingness to develop, organize and manage a business venture along with any of its risks in order to make profit [1]. Indeed not only does entrepreneurship solve the problem of unemployment in a society, it also stimulates economic growth and development. Despite the relatively controversial economy Nigeria currently has, many of our best-educated and most dynamic youth are not contributing to economic and social development of the country. This is not just on the grounds that they are unemployed but also because they are incognizant of the benefits of undertaking entrepreneurship. Whereas the reliance on corporate jobs would have been admissible, the reality of the Nigerian labor market is that there is a dearth of wage employment for youth and graduates.The culture of a society or community tremendously influences how much entrepreneurship there is within it. Various levels of entrepreneurship may develop from cultural diversity, which make entrepreneurship more or less rewarding subjectively. A community that confers zenithal status to those at the prime of hierarchical organizations or those with professional expertise certainly discourages entrepreneurship. Whereas a culture or policy that confers high status to the "self-made" individual is more likely to encourage entrepreneurship [2]. Even though many may argue that the major cause of lack of entrepreneurship in Nigeria is the inability to get sufficient capital to set up a business, it is evident that the cultural upbringing and orientation in Nigeria is responsible for lack of entrepreneurship in the country. The Nigerian society does not instigate that drive in the youths, the drive which is required for self-employment or entrepreneurship as an alternative to a reliance on seeking white-collar jobs. From tender ages children in Nigeria are made to believe that to be well respected, they have to go school, get a degree and get a high paying job. This basically infiltrates the minds of people and everybody ends up thinking the same way and having the same approach to obtaining a means of livelihood.In spite of the fact that the Nigerian society has a general knock down approach to undertaking entrepreneurship, this can be changed in order to change society's mindset. By the popularization of entrepreneurship as a valued profession, people can begin to see that it is indeed a climb. Creating a professional union for all credible Nigerian entrepreneurs can do this popularization. The proposal for this system is to use social networks to bring entrepreneurs together under an umbrella. This way, Nigerian youths can become business oriented as they now have successful mentors to look up to.This system can help shape the society's orientation and hence encourage people to become young entrepreneurs rather than becoming job hunters right after school. Thereby instigating them to provide incentives to serious minded youths who wish to become entrepreneurs.In conclusion, it is necessary for the creation of an organizational foundation in entrepreneurial practicalities. This will increase the status of entrepreneurs in the country, as they will become more respected. Moreover, by promoting economic self-reliance and the need to play a constructive role in the society, the professional union will stimulate the youth to build their human capacity. This is a key element of sustainable development for any society.

Unemployment is undeniably the common enemy of Nigerian youths. This is because the limited job opportunities available for the country's large population affect the youth greatly, as they constitute the largest percentage of Nigerian population. With that in mind, every fresh graduate battles with the fear and thoughts of roaming the streets in search of a means of livelihood. Consequently, youth and graduate unemployment has been a serious problem in the Nigerian economy for a very long time; a problem which both the government and citizens of the country are constantly trying to eradicate. A specific way to solve this problem is to introduce a culture of entrepreneurship in the society. On that account, this write up will address how entrepreneurship can be encouraged by creating a professional union for credible Nigerian entrepreneurs, hence promoting its values in the country.Inarguably, many people are oblivious of the fact that being an entrepreneur is not just about starting a random business venture which one thinks will fetch money. By definition, entrepreneurship is the capacity and willingness to develop, organize and manage a business venture along with any of its risks in order to make profit [1]. Indeed not only does entrepreneurship solve the problem of unemployment in a society, it also stimulates economic growth and development. Despite the relatively controversial economy Nigeria currently has, many of our best-educated and most dynamic youth are not contributing to economic and social development of the country. This is not just on the grounds that they are unemployed but also because they are incognizant of the benefits of undertaking entrepreneurship. Whereas the reliance on corporate jobs would have been admissible, the reality of the Nigerian labor market is that there is a dearth of wage employment for youth and graduates.The culture of a society or community tremendously influences how much entrepreneurship there is within it. Various levels of entrepreneurship may develop from cultural diversity, which make entrepreneurship more or less rewarding subjectively. A community that confers zenithal status to those at the prime of hierarchical organizations or those with professional expertise certainly discourages entrepreneurship. Whereas a culture or policy that confers high status to the "self-made" individual is more likely to encourage entrepreneurship [2]. Even though many may argue that the major cause of lack of entrepreneurship in Nigeria is the inability to get sufficient capital to set up a business, it is evident that the cultural upbringing and orientation in Nigeria is responsible for lack of entrepreneurship in the country. The Nigerian society does not instigate that drive in the youths, the drive which is required for self-employment or entrepreneurship as an alternative to a reliance on seeking white-collar jobs. From tender ages children in Nigeria are made to believe that to be well respected, they have to go school, get a degree and get a high paying job. This basically infiltrates the minds of people and everybody ends up thinking the same way and having the same approach to obtaining a means of livelihood.In spite of the fact that the Nigerian society has a general knock down approach to undertaking entrepreneurship, this can be changed in order to change society's mindset. By the popularization of entrepreneurship as a valued profession, people can begin to see that it is indeed a climb. Creating a professional union for all credible Nigerian entrepreneurs can do this popularization. The proposal for this system is to use social networks to bring entrepreneurs together under an umbrella. This way, Nigerian youths can become business oriented as they now have successful mentors to look up to.This system can help shape the society's orientation and hence encourage people to become young entrepreneurs rather than becoming job hunters right after school. Thereby instigating them to provide incentives to serious minded youths who wish to become entrepreneurs.In conclusion, it is necessary for the creation of an organizational foundation in entrepreneurial practicalities. This will increase the status of entrepreneurs in the country, as they will become more respected. Moreover, by promoting economic self-reliance and the need to play a constructive role in the society, the professional union will stimulate the youth to build their human capacity. This is a key element of sustainable development for any society.

У статті розглянуто та проаналізовано необхідність оптимізації діяльності органів державного нагляду (контролю) у контексті реформування системи управління охороною навколишнього природного середовища. Запропоновано першочергові кроки, спрямовані на вирішення існуючих проблем у державному секторі природоохоронної галузі та створення ефективної структури органу державного нагляду (контролю) та його територіальних підрозділів у сучасних умовах із урахуванням чинного законодавства з метою вдосконалення системи державного управління в Україні. The need to optimize the activities of state supervision (control ) in the context of reform of environmental protection system in Ukraine was considered and analyzed. The initial steps to address the existing problems in the environment sector and to raise effectivnees of the state supervision (control) under modern conditions were sugested, taking into account the current legislation and the necesity to improve the system of governanace in Ukraine. Curemtly in Ukraine the idea of decentralization in all spheres of life in the context of public administration reform is widely spred. Decentralization and deconcentration of administrative functions of state ecological supervision (control) requires gradual optimization of both central office and regional offices of the State ecological inspaction of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the article is the allocation of priorities to be addressed as well as leadership that requires rapid development and update of management networks, engagement in public supervisory control of young, energetic, competent and proactive staff of the new generation. This approach will ensure the effective functioning of state supervision (control) in the field of environmental protection and creation of strong human resources, capable to provide high performance to meet the needs of civil society to perform Ukrainian system of environmental protection.